Skip to main content

Thermal Power Plant : Principle, Parts, Working, Advantages and Disadvantages

Basic Introduction or Principle: We all are aware with the term "Generator". A device which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy is known as generator. This generator makes rotate with the help of some kind of external energy. When this energy extract from the energy of steam, the plant is known as steam power plant.  A simple steam plant works on Rankine cycle. In the first step, water is feed into a boiler at a very high pressure by BFP (boiler feed pump). This high pressurized water is heated into a  boiler   which converts it into high pressurized super heated steam. This high energized steam passes through steam  turbine  (a mechanical device which converts flow energy of fluid into mechanical energy) and rotate it. Owing to extract full energy of steam, three stage turbines is used which is known as LPT (Low pressure turbine), IPT (intermediate pressure turbine) and HPT (High pressure turbine). The turbine shaft is connected to the generator rot
1 comment

Introduction of 2D Drawing tool (line tool)


Now you know the basics of autocad software, you’re ready to begin drawing! This article introduces you to some basic commands used in drawing with AutoCAD. The drawing tools are the tools which are used to create various shapes with the accurate dimension. Before starting this drawing you should re memorize the following instruction which used in designing.
1. Understood coordinate system
2. Learn about the basic like plan and elevation of a 3D object. 

Starting the drawing tool > Line tool:

There are two methods to select any drawing tool in AutoCAD. First by select is from the quick access toolbar and second by using short key. We prefers second method because when the new version of any software is coming there is no change in short key but the place of the drawing tool bar may be changed. We will explain both methods you may choose by yourself.

Line tool:

Line tool is a tool by which we can create a line at any angle or at any path with accurate dimension. In AutoCAD there are three method of drawing line.

1. Absolute coordinate method:

This method used when we know the coordinate of the end point of a line with respect start point. To draw line from this method.

  • Select line tool from the quick access or press L enter.
  • Now specified first point coordinate of line by x,y and press enter. If you don’t have first point coordinate than take (0,0) as starting point or click anywhere in drawing window to get starting point.
  • Now specified end point of line by x,y or @x,y and press enter. if you take x,y than it takes the coordinate by actual coordinate system and if you take @x,y than it takes your first point as the reference of this coordinate.  Now if you want come out from command than press Esc key and if you don’t than proceed with next point.
Example:
Draw the following diagram:

AUTOCAD TUTORIAL: Chapter 2 Introduction of 2D Drawing tool > Line tool

Solution:
L enter
@0,0
@8,0
@3,6
@4,0
@0,8
@-4,0
@-4,4
Esc.

2. Relative polar method:

This method is used to draw line when we know the length and anticlockwise angle of the line with respect to x axis. To draw line from this method
Select line tool from the quick access or press L enter.

  • Now specified first point coordinate of line by x,y and press enter. If you don’t have first point coordinate than take (0,0) as starting point or click anywhere in drawing window to get starting point.
  • Now to draw line by @distance<angle. It means if the distance of your line is 50 and the line make angle 145 with x axis in anticlockwise direction than you write @50,145.
  • Now if you want to proceed than specified next distance and angle and if don’t press Esc.
Example:
Draw the following diagram:

AUTOCAD TUTORIAL: Chapter 2 Introduction of 2D Drawing tool > Line tool

Solution:
L enter
@0,0
@50<0
@50<120
@50<240
Esc.

3. General ORTHO method:
This method is used when we know the length of the line and the line is make angle 0,90,180 or 240 degrees with x axis. In this method
On the ORTHO mode of drafting setting toolbar or by short key F8.

  • Select line tool from the quick access or press L enter.
  • Now specified first point coordinate of line by x,y and press enter. If you don’t have first point coordinate than take (0,0) as starting point or click anywhere in drawing window to get starting point.
  • Now put the cursor of the mouse in the direction where the line extending and enter the value of distance and press enter.
Example:
Draw the following diagram:

AUTOCAD TUTORIAL: Chapter 2 Introduction of 2D Drawing tool > Line tool

Solution:
L enter
@0,0
50
20
30
10
20
10
Esc.

Exercise:
Draw the following diagram with suitable method-

AUTOCAD TUTORIAL: Chapter 2 Introduction of 2D Drawing tool > Line tool
Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Automated Portable Hammering Machine

Automated Portable Hammering Machine Hammering is the most widely used industrial as well as construction activity. Hammering or screws, metal sheets, parts etc requires a lot of time and effort. So here we propose an automated hammering system that allows for fully automatic hammering process. This allows for accurate, fast and automated hammering wherever and whenever needed using a 12V battery. The person just needs to insert workpeice and start the hammering machine. This machine can be used for automatic hammering work as and when needed. We here use a dc motor in order to move the hammer. The DC motor consists of a pulley attached to it which is connected to a larger pulley for efficient power transfer and to increase torque. This large pulley is connected to a shaft that has a connecting rod attached to it. This rod is used to achieve lateral motion from the spinning shaft. We now connect the other end of hammer to this connecting rod through a mid swinging arrangement in
2 comments
Read more

Pedal Operated Hacksaw

Pedal Operated Hacksaw Operating a hacksaw manually is a very tiring and time consuming task. It requires a lot of manual effort and delivers uneven cutting. Operating a electrical hacksaw does deliver good results but consumes a lot of energy. So here we propose a semi automated hacksaw using pedal power. Here we design and fabricate a hacksaw that is run by pedal power and achieves even cutting with very less efforts. Here we use a chain sprocket arrangement to transfer power from pedals to hacksaw. A strong and firm base frame allows for efficient power transfer between the system. We use bearings and mounts to mount and setup the entire system and ensure a smooth circular motion of pedals. Now we attach a hub to the other sprocket. This hub is connected with a connecting rod which moves with the hub in order to produce a lateral motion. We now develop a supporting frame and connect a saw to the other end in order to achieve desired cutting movement of saw. We also attach
1 comment
Read more

New imaging technique could detect acoustically 'invisible' cracks

The next generation of aircraft could be thinner and lighter thanks to the development of a new imaging technique that could detect damage previously invisible to acoustic imaging systems. The nonlinear acoustic technique developed by researchers from the University of Bristol's Ultrasonics and Non-destructive Testing (NDT) research group is published in the current issue of  Physical Review Letters  together with an accompanying article in  Physics . It has long been understood that acoustic nonlinearity is sensitive to many physical properties including material microstructure and mechanical damage. The lack of effective imaging has, however, held back the use of this important method. Currently engineers are able to produce images of the interior of components using ultrasound, but can only detect large problems such as cracks. This is like detecting only broken bones in a medical environment. Imaging of acoustic nonlinearity is achieved by exploiting differences in
1 comment
Read more