Basic Introduction or Principle: We all are aware with the term "Generator". A device which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy is known as generator. This generator makes rotate with the help of some kind of external energy. When this energy extract from the energy of steam, the plant is known as steam power plant. A simple steam plant works on Rankine cycle. In the first step, water is feed into a boiler at a very high pressure by BFP (boiler feed pump). This high pressurized water is heated into a boiler which converts it into high pressurized super heated steam. This high energized steam passes through steam turbine (a mechanical device which converts flow energy of fluid into mechanical energy) and rotate it. Owing to extract full energy of steam, three stage turbines is used which is known as LPT (Low pressure turbine), IPT (intermediate pressure turbine) and HPT (High pressure turbine). The turbine shaft is connected to the generator rot
Today we will discuss about types of boilers used in industries. A boiler may be defined as a closed vessel in which steam is produced from water by combustion of fuel. Boiler is used in many industries such as in steam power generation, in sugar industries, in textile industries for sizing and bleaching etc. and in many other chemical industries. Earlier it was mainly used in power generation in steam engine. Boiler is also known as steam generator. The primary requirement of boilers is the water, which must be contained safely and the steam must be safely delivered in desired condition.
In a boiler, many parts and fittings of mounted, which are mounted on the boiler for its proper and safe functioning. These are as follow
1. Water level indicator
2. Pressure gauge
3. Safety valves
4. Stop valve
5. Blow of cock
6. Feed check valve
7. Fusible plug
Types of boilers:
Boiler may be classified in following types.
If the axis of boiler is horizontal, it is known as horizontal boiler.
Example Babcock and Wilcox boiler
2. Vertical boiler:
If the axis of boiler is vertical, it is known as vertical boiler. The main advantages of vertical boiler that it is easy to maintain.
Example : Cochran boiler
3. Inclined boiler:
If the axis of boiler is inclined, it is known as inclined boiler.
If the furnace is outside of the boiler shell, it is known as externally fired boiler.
Example Babcock and Wilcox boiler
2. Internally fire boiler:
If the furnace is inside the shell, it is known as internally fired boiler.
Example Lancashire boiler
If the boiler pressure is above 80 MPa, the boiler is known as high pressure boiler.
Example Benson boiler
2. Low pressure boiler:
If the boiler pressure is below 80 MPa, the boiler is known as low pressure boiler.
Example Cochran boiler
If the circulation of water is done by a feed pump, the boiler is known as forced circulation boiler.
Example Velox boiler
2. Natural circulation boiler:
If the circulation of water is done by natural convection, this is known as natural circulation boiler.
Example Lancashire boiler
2. Water tube boiler
According to the axis of boiler
1. Horizontal boiler:If the axis of boiler is horizontal, it is known as horizontal boiler.
Example Babcock and Wilcox boiler
2. Vertical boiler:
If the axis of boiler is vertical, it is known as vertical boiler. The main advantages of vertical boiler that it is easy to maintain.
Example : Cochran boiler
3. Inclined boiler:
If the axis of boiler is inclined, it is known as inclined boiler.
According to fire of boiler:
1. Externally fire boiler:If the furnace is outside of the boiler shell, it is known as externally fired boiler.
Example Babcock and Wilcox boiler
2. Internally fire boiler:
If the furnace is inside the shell, it is known as internally fired boiler.
Example Lancashire boiler
According to pressure of boiler:
1. High Pressure boiler:If the boiler pressure is above 80 MPa, the boiler is known as high pressure boiler.
Example Benson boiler
2. Low pressure boiler:
If the boiler pressure is below 80 MPa, the boiler is known as low pressure boiler.
Example Cochran boiler
According to Circulation of water
1. Forced circulation boiler:If the circulation of water is done by a feed pump, the boiler is known as forced circulation boiler.
Example Velox boiler
2. Natural circulation boiler:
If the circulation of water is done by natural convection, this is known as natural circulation boiler.
Example Lancashire boiler
According to circulation of gases:
1. Fire tube boiler2. Water tube boiler
1. Fire tube boiler:
In this types of boiler water flow surrounding the tubes and the hot flue gases flow through the tubes. The heat passes form the tube to surrounding water which is used to heat the surrounding flowing water and convert it into steam.
Example Lancashire boiler
2. Water tube boiler:
In this boiler, water flow through the tubes which are surrounded by hot flue gases. These flue gases used to heat the water and convert it into steam.
Example Lamont Boiler
simple and easily explained, really helpfull
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